Data Governance Course & Certification
Improve Your Know-How on Practical Data Governance
Learn how to implement a data governance program from scratch or improve the one you have.
Templates included!
Take advantage of the 10+ templates available to accelerate your data governance efforts.
Build up your practical knowledge and maximize your success
Implementing data governance can sometimes seem like you're trying to boil the ocean. How can you be successful at it?
Data governance is becoming a hotter topic by the hour. BusinessWire estimates its market to reach $15.1 billion by 2030. As companies aim to become more data-driven and prepare for the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI), the demand for scalable and successful data governance programs is skyrocketing.
AI is revolutionizing industries, but its success is entirely dependent on high-quality, trusted, and well-governed data. Without a strong data governance foundation, AI systems and anything based on data, for that matter, can fall victim to poor data quality, bias, and compliance issues, hindering their potential and jeopardizing trust.
As a result, more and more professionals, such as yourself, want to better understand data governance and how they could implement it in their organization. But how can they learn it? How do YOU learn it?
Other than learning on the job - which is time-consuming, sometimes nerve-wracking and not necessarily earning trust from our peers and leaders - there are very few good resources out there for current or future data governance professionals. In addition, most of the content and courses to be found are theoretical, hard to follow, as well as not actionable, nor practical.
But as organizations increasingly rely on AI and data-driven decision-making, their need and desire for you to implement a functional, sustainable, highly adopted and praised data governance program, has become unavoidable and imperative
If:
- You need a clear plan on how to effectively implement, improve and refine data governance in your organization;
- You want to stop wasting time on theoretical material, scattered information and guidance, or on what's not working;
- You feel you need more practical knowledge to successfully implement a data governance program...
It's time to learn from an award-winning data governance practitioner who can provide you with the practical steps, best practices, and templates to put together and implement a successful data governance program.
Practical Data Governance: Implementation
The purpose of this course is to build your practical knowledge and maximize your success as a current or future data governance professional. The lessons and materials provided will be instrumental in your planning and implementation of a data governance program. You will learn the practical steps, best practices, and templates to put together and implement your data governance program from scratch or improve the one you have.
Templates included!
Take advantage of the 10+ templates available to accelerate your data governance efforts.
Here’s What You’ll Get When You Sign Up
The Practical Data Governance: Implementation course provides you with the skills, the know-how and the templates to help you create a successful data governance program that follows best practices.
Templates
In addition to teaching you how you to best implement a data governance program, the course contains valuable templates, nowhere else to be found, that cover things such as the scope document, terms of reference, metrics scorecard, data policies, data standards, communication plan, data governance handbook, and more.
Some even have pre-filled versions. It doesn't get easier than this.
Award-Winning Implementations
The lessons draw from award-winning implementations of data governance programs, but also from the experience, mistakes and best practices made by data governance professionals.
Practical Takeaways
The lessons provide you with practical takeaways, advice and examples from real-life data governance implementations. All you need to do is apply these learnings to your specific needs.
On-Demand Learning
The course has about 4 hours of video content, plus written content, extra resources and templates. As always, you can take the course at your own time and pace. Remember that you'll have unlimited access to existing and future content and any upcoming updates.
Here’s what people are saying about course
Gabriel Reyes
Data Steward
Best data governance course out there
"This is a highly engaging course with a lot of practical takeaways. The templates alone are worth the investment, but the lessons, examples, and advice that George provides are invaluable.
In my pursuit of becoming a better data governance professional I've taken other courses, but this is by far the best data governance course out there."
Mahesh Rayappa Gundakalle
Senior Programmer Analyst
Very detail-oriented & easy to follow
"Very detail-oriented, easy to follow step by step instructions/content with corresponding templates for individuals ready to hit the ground running on their Data Governance journey.
Thank you for offering a practical course to learn and implement data governance."
Rachel McCranor
Reporting and Data Management Officer
AMAZING!
"I loved the amount of knowledge this course gave me. The delivery was so easy to comprehend and follow along. The short videos for each module was perfect for segmenting each topic and allowed me to take noted in between.
I can't wait to apply what I've learned and add more value to the organization I work for."
What's covered in the Practical Data Governance: Implementation course?
There are 8 modules, with a mix of video lessons, written content, real-life examples, templates, and extra resources to help you create and implement a successful data governance program.
The Basic Concepts
What to Expect
What is Data Governance
The Benefits of Data Governance
Pre-Implementation Steps
Performing Initial Assessment
4
Understanding the Drivers
How to do an Ad-Hoc Assessment
Data Sources Inventory and Data Flow (templates included)
Data Governance Maturity Model
Getting Buy-In
2
Creating the Business Case
Choosing and Securing a Sponsor
Setup the Data Governance Program
Program Setup Steps
6
Data Governance Scope Document (template included)
Data Governance Guiding Principles
Focusing Your Program the Right Way
Building a Data Domain Model
Data Governance Organizational Framework
Identifying and Assigning Data Stewards
Data Governance Council
4
Data Governance Council’s Responsibilities
Who to Include in the Data Governance Council
Creating the Terms of Reference (template included)
Data Governance Council Best Practices & Advice
Develop Metrics & KPIs
Metrics: Intro
Progress Metrics
Impact Metrics
Data Governance Scorecard (template included)
Develop Data Policies, Standards, and Processes/Workflows
Data Concepts for Data Governance
Data Policies
How to Write a Data Policy (template included)
Data Standards and Rules (template included)
Processes and Workflows (template included)
Data Classification
Select and Deploy Tools
Selecting a Data Governance Tool
Business Glossary
Data Dictionary
Data Catalog
Manage Change
Change Management Models
Communication Plan (template included)
Data Governance Handbook (template included)
Change Management Best Practices
BONUS
30/60/90 Day Plan for Data Governance (BONUS)
How to Manage Different Types of People (BONUS)
Receive Your Certificate
Bonus
You'll get so much more in this course!
Besides building your practical knowledge in the data governance profession and teaching you how to implement a data governance program you will also benefit from the following:
Certificate
At the end of the course you can opt for a certificate of completion.
Share it on your social media, add it to your resume, print and hang it on your wall for all to see that you are a skilled data governance professional.
Free Access to the Teacher
In each lesson you can post your questions to be answered directly by the teacher, as well as fellow practitioners/ students.
You can add in your comments and your own learnings, as well, to contribute to the data governance course community.
An Entire Bonus Course Module
Besides the current lessons that will provide you with the step-by-step how-to and know-how to implement a data governance program, there is an entire bonus course module available with content to enhance your skills as a data governance professional.
About George Firican,
the Course Teacher
George is a passionate advocate for the importance of data, a frequent conference speaker and a YouTuber, being ranked among Top 5 Global Thought Leaders and Influencers on Big Data, Digital Disruption, Top 15 on Innovation and LinkedIn Top Voice.
His innovative approach to addressing data challenges received international recognition through award-winning program and project implementations in data governance, data quality, business intelligence and data analytics.
George advises customer organizations on how to treat data as an asset, and shares his practical takeaways on social media, at conferences, and various industry sites and publications.
George has been a data professional for over 15 years. One of his passions is to create informative, practical and engaging educational content to share with individuals such as yourself, and help organizations get more visibility on social media. George is the proud founder of LightsOnData.com and co-host of the Lights On Data Show podcast.
Here’s what people are saying about the course teacher
Luca de Joanna
Senior Business Data Lead
Recommend George's work in the data governance space
I'm really pleased and honored to recommend George's work in the data governance space.
Every article and video from George manages to perfectly describe and explain different areas in data governance and data intelligence, from master data to metadata management, from data quality to visualization, from business glossary to the data dictionary. All this with the business in mind, and not just as a technical exercise.
Thanks to George's work, regularly delivered to the public, I've been able to learn a lot and benefit from it in my daily job. [...]
Piotr Kononow
CEO
Professional educator on data management topics
I recommend George if you want a professional educator on data management topics.
But, don’t take my word for it – check out his impressive collection on educational Lights on Data videos on YouTube. [...]
Linda Davis
Metadata Governance Coordinator
Any student would be lucky to have him as an instructor
George is the type of person who is very professional and knowledgeable and, at the same time, friendly, easy-going and fun to be around. Any student would be lucky to have him as an instructor.
I'm looking forward to seeing him again at conferences, because his presentations are always such an eye-candy and full of no-fluff, practical content. [...]
Why this course is a great option for you
This online course is the smartest, most cost effective, and time saving option of learning how to implement a data governance program. It is developed to be a 1-stop-shop that includes:
- Real-life examples, relevant knowledge and best practices on implementing data governance
- Practical templates you’ll be able to use and adapt easily and right away to your own needs
- An engaging and fun learning experience with George Firican, your friendly data guy, who is great at turning dry knowledge into digestible and enjoyable bites
Plus this online course is the better way of learning:
- At your own pace
- From the comfort of your home or office, or anywhere you want to (it's mobile friendly, too)
- With unlimited access to the material
What would be the other options?
- Reinventing the wheel: This is probably the longest and hardest route to take as there will be quite a bit of trial and error. It’s time, money and energy consuming. Plus you can lose trust from your organization if this is not done right the first time around.
- Getting consulting services: The equivalent of consulting services hours (~ 4 hrs) would cost you anywhere between $750 to $2,100 or more. You probably would still have follow-up questions and if you wanted to revisit your learning, you'll need to book more hours.
- Learning from other sources: I think it's always good to learn from multiple sources, but if you've taken other data governance or data management courses then you know that they focus more on the theory than on the practical takeaways. Not to mention that you won't benefit from the templates available in this course.
- Hiring someone to setup your data governance program: It’s the most expensive approach and far from being fail proof, because ultimately no one knows the organization as you do. Additionally, you lose the business knowledge and control and you might be left with the challenge of maintaining something that wasn't built according to best practices. Not to mention that this engagement would end up costing you at least $50,000.
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course
$
499
US
Popular
3 COURSE MEGA BUNDLE
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course +
Business Glossary Course +
Data Governance Maturity Models Course
$797
US
Regular Price: $997
2 COURSE BUNDLE
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course +
Business Glossary Course
OR
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course +
Data Governance Maturity Models Course
$
697
US
Regular Price: $748
or
Part of Bundle
PRACTICAL DATA GOVERNANCE: IMPLEMENTATION
Available now at a great price
$499
US
Templates included!
Take advantage of the 10+ templates available to accelerate your data governance efforts.
100% Satisfaction Guarantee
If you've completed less than 25% of the Practical Data Governance: Implementation course and you don’t like it for any reason, feel it wasn’t worth your investment, or simply want a refund for no reason at all, we've got you covered. Purchase today and you can request a refund anytime within the next 30 days. Please note that refunds will only be provided if you have completed less than 25% of this course content. Our support team will process your refund, no questions asked.
Don’t wait! Look at what past students have to say about this course
Great comprehensive course
I enjoyed this comprehensive course on data governance and creating a business glossary.
Great Practical Information!
Great practical information! The templates really make a difference.
Exactly What You Need
This course covers everything you need to know in order to get started and set up your data governance program. The courses were detailed enough, and I found the total length of this course to be just right. I took notes on every video and now have my own written handbook/quick reference guide.
George delivers high quality material, information, and explanations. I loved the explanation of the operating model, doing the ad-hoc assessment, and how all of that ties in to building your strategy, TOR, and scope documents. He also helped make Principles, Policies, and Standards practical and tangible for me.
I've already used some learnings to guide my customers on best practices, and can be more prescriptive in my guidance. I also have this course to point them to in order to learn more.
I would recommend this course to anyone who is familiar with the theory, but needs to get the ball rolling and wants to know where to actually start, and what specifically to do.
Excellent course!
The course was easy to understand, and the templates were very useful.
Detailed yet simple
Amazing course that explains the intricate side of data governance in a very simple way.
Thank you!
Incredible content
This was a great Data Governance course! Incredible content and well-delivered. The templates are so beneficial and incredible tools! Thank you!
Best Course
Great content and a best course to get a clear understanding of the Data Governance program. The lessons and modules are clearly segregated and curated. George's explanation to these chapters are much clear to get a detailed view.
Great practical course!
Thank you for this course, I found it very helpful as it is about HOW to implement data governance, with a lot of examples. Thanks George!
Great Course and its practical implementation
Thanks to LOD team for putting up a great course. Its very exhaustive course that covers all the pillars of Data Governance (must have). Templates are really helpful. Thank you George & team
Very detail-oriented & easy to follow
Very detail-oriented, easy to follow step by step instructions/content with corresponding templates for individuals ready to hit the ground running on their Data Governance journey.
Thank you for offering a practical course to learn and implement data governance.
Practical, Engaging and Useful
I love the practicality of this course. The knowledge, tools and tips shared came in handy in my data governance role. The short videos and engaging delivery made it easy to progress through the course while juggling other responsibilities. Also, the layout of content allowed me to easily jump into specific topics when I needed insight on those. I would certainly recommend the course to newcomers to data governance who have to hit the ground running.
Very helpful!
My only feedback is to keep doing what you and your team are already doing.
The resources you provide are very helpful (especially the templates) in implementing data governance in our company. I'm sure other customers who are trying to implement data governance feel the same way.
Informative & Practical
The course was both informative and practical. As a leader in data and analytics, I found the content directly applicable to my work, enhancing our organizational strategies. The expertise of the instructors was invaluable, and the course has significantly contributed to my professional development. Highly recommended for those looking to advance in this field.
Great tips and insights
Very interesting course on the practice of starting a data governance program, with great tips and insights from the perspective of a program manager.
Very useful!
The course was very useful and provided valuable insights. The teacher was knowledgeable, engaging, and made complex topics easy to understand. Their teaching style was clear and effective, making the learning experience enjoyable and informative
Concise, useful, and easy to grasp
I actually learned more practical, clear to apply concepts, hands-on tools than when I read the DAMA DMBOK2. This course is an accelerator on actualizing the benefits of having Data Governance in the organization. In my first two weeks in my new role as a Data Management Executive, I've used the course's basic concepts, metrics & KPIs, and tools deployment & selection lessons in shaping our roadmap towards becoming an insight-driven organization. Because of this, our top management now fully supports our key data initiatives e.g. Single Source of Truth, DM Fundamentals ( Enterprise Business Glossary and Data Catalog, Data Quality Management).
At first, I wasn’t sure that an online course would guide me well enough to produce tangible results in my first dip into Data Governance, but George really knows his stuff! The video tutorials and downloadable templates are concise, useful, and easy to grasp. Please keep producing such great content to help us data professionals! Thank you!
Great Foundational Knowledge
This was an excellent course. It was delivered in small, manageable video segments that allowed for breaks and/or contemplation. The templates were exceptional and ideal since they are difficult to find otherwise. I would recommend the 3-course bundle for anyone looking to implement an enterprise-wide data governance program.
Excellent course
Excellent course, I really enjoyed the practical aspects of the course and it clearly helps to set up a direction in an organization willing to take Data Management practices to the next level. Thank you!
Incredibly Valuable!
I recently completed the ‘Practical Data Governance Implementation’ course from LightsOnData, and it exceeded my expectations! The course is thoughtfully designed, providing clear, actionable steps and best practices for implementing a robust data governance program. The templates included are incredibly valuable and have already proven useful in my work. George’s engaging teaching style and practical insights make complex concepts easy to understand and apply. Highly recommend this course to anyone looking to enhance their data governance skills!
Take this course!
I'm not going to lie; the data is a bit dry, but this is data governance. However, the material was presented in an organized and thoughtful way. I've asked others in my company who will be involved with our data governance program to take this course. I will definitely be using the templates as guides to build out my company's data governance program.
Rare and valuable course!
This is the first course I found on Data Governance that I really understood and could imagine myself implementing it while viewing the videos. Other courses only give you disorganized information that you don't know how to use, but this one is certainly a must have. Thanks George!
I wish I had found this course earlier
George has achived to make simple what it is complex and to put into words what I have struggled to express for years.
The course is full of data-related, leadership and communication knowledge which is paramount in any Data Governance Program.
If I had found this course when I started the journey, we would have added 10 times more value to our businesses.
Essential to boost data culture and operational momentum
Very good course, right to the point at nice pace with very helpful additional content, like the templates. I found particularly useful the lessons on change, people and communication management as they tend to be overlooked. Good focus on the importance of business side engagement, as many data-related projects are seen usually as IT-only driven, or delivering outcome/feedback unidirectionally from IT to business. I am currently implementing a data governance program for the company I work for as part of a wider data strategy, involving cloud migration and development of a modern data stack, while facing a lot of issues due to poor company engagement in data-related activities. So the course is helping me to set up the path for a more data-driven culture and operations ecosystem that could boost momentum and income to the company, while educating decision makers on the importance of it.
A great and very comprehensive course
Thank you, George - this was a great and very comprehensive course!
Recommend it to others
I found the course provided a very well rounded foundation in Data Governance that I can take forward with me. Very glad I took this course and I would recommend it to others as well.
What a great course!
The course is a great course. I clearly understood all the explained topics. George is an amazing instructor and explains everything crystal clear.
Everyone should take this course
Great concept, simple but detailed enough, templates are very useful, lots of new things for me. Maybe you could create something like time plan for implementation with workshops, descriptions, participants and deliverables from workshops to have a clear picture about actual work needs to be done, phases, recommended duration all in one place. From my point of view, everyone who is involved in any kind of data activity should take this course, it will definitely help figure out why Data Governance program is important, and why organizations need it.
Thank you so much.
Daniel
Excellent data governance course
This course was excellent, 5 stars! I feel like I have walked away with a really solid understanding of what DG is, why it is important and the value it can add. I now have a broad understanding of what a program can entail and how to get started. The lessons on managing change and people were unexpected but I believe possibly the most valuable part of this course and can be applied to any topic, not just data governance. I also loved George's delivery style and felt the enthusiasm and passion which made me very engaged for the entire course.
Insightful and practical
This has been the most insightful Data Governance course I have taken till date. Having worked in Data Governance for a while, I love that I could relate with a lot of the examples and some of the steps outlined are what I could have used in my role for better outcomes. I will recommend this course to every Data Governance enthusiast or professional looking for some improvements or best practices in their Data Governance implementation.
Highly recommended!
Great course!
Good coaching to implement a step-by-step and pragmatic approach. Highly recommended!
This course was great
This course was great. We have been working to stand up a strong Data Governance Process and this course provided great guidance for areas to concentrate on.
Totally worth it!
I really enjoyed the course and it gave me lots of thoughts and materials to work the data gov in my organization. It was totally worth it and excellently presented. Thanks!
I recommend it 100%
This is a good course to learn in a structured method with very crisp and clear and simple explanations of terms concepts along with very useful templates.
I recommend it 100% to anyone wants to start their data governance journey. Thank you so much for designing the course so well.
Excellent Introduction to Data Governance & Implementation Plan
George's material is logical, straight forward and accessible to everyone, whether you're just beginning your data governance (DG) journey, or you're a seasoned DG professional. The materials included in the course are just the right length, generally 5 to 10 minute video lessons, very good production quality and cover the right breadth of information. It's a great program and provides value at a reasonable cost, so I would recommend it to anyone interested in learning more about DG, as well as the basics of how to implement their DG program.
Excellent Course
This course on data governance is highly practical. Although I have many years of experience as a data governance analyst, I didn’t find it highly relatable but still see it as a valuable reference for my daily tasks. Thank you, George, for putting this course together. I especially appreciate the concise, video-based delivery style. Thank you!
Excellent
Simply excellent.
A really great course
Very balanced and thoughtful course on Data Governance. George and LightsOnData really did a great job covering all of the topic areas need for Data Governance. More and more companies and clients are looking to expand their Data Governance programs as the importance of quality well defined and governed data is powering everything in their business including AI.
Great course!
Simply put, it was GREAT! Thank you!
A great course!
This course was thoughtfully designed to help people understand data governance from scratch. George used illustrations that make each concept stick to the brain. Overall, it is a great course.
A Well-Detailed Course
This is a well-detailed course that brings home the practical implementation of Data Governance. Thank you!
5 out of 5
Thank you very much for such valuable and practice-oriented knowledge.
Super Awesome Course by a DG Genuis!
Super Awesome! I recommend it to anyone.
10 out of 10!
10/10 course! I'd recommend this for those starting out in Data Governance or wanting a refresher. The templates are a bonus.
Very helpful!
Started this course not knowing much about Data Governance. I am now in the throws of developing a Data Governance strategy for the organisation. Thanks for all the helpful information provided in this course.
The perfect course!
This was the perfect course for understanding what Data Governance is and what it is not in a one stop shop. The pace was perfect and the style of videos with supporting slides and at times supporting documents made it extremely easy to follow. This was a perfect course in my opinion.
A gift from the heavens
In life, the old saying goes "if its too good to be true, its not", but in the case of this course, it's all good and its all true. Thank you for having the ambition to make such a course and thank you for sharing with others.
Thorough program
This is a great course for those who are wanting a comprehensive understanding of implementing Data Governance within their organizations! Really enjoyed the course.
10/10 would recommend
This course has provided me with an excellent basis of data governance understanding and start, to implement a data governance program within my own company using the tools provided. The videos were actively engaging and the course/video length was a perfect length to understand the topics presented without losing interest by being too long. The course breadth was extensive and feel I have a holistic view of data governance as a topic. The examples/templates were particularly great, and I'll be using them to help build our own data governance program. I'd recommend this course to anyone wanting the complete data governance picture and a practical start to implementing their own data governance program. Thank you George!
Perfect
This practical course provided a clear overview of data governance implementation, framework, policies, and best practices. While it took me a year to finish this short course, I sequentially applied this course to my real-life work, from data strategy to practical overaching principles.
I used the templates such as data source inventory, policy template, and comms plan. etc.
I gained to develop a strategy, framework & roadmap, and practical policies that recently gained buy-in from the senior management.
Thank you George for providing clear explanations of each module and topic of this course.
5/5 for me :-)
Highly Recommend, Easy to understand, Excellent.
This course designed to provide me the knowledge and skills necessary to manage and protect data effectively.
It enables me with the tools and techniques to analyze and interpret data effectively, leading to more informed and strategic business decisions.
Frequently Asked Questions
The course is geared towards the data or business professional who wants to learn how to implement a data governance program. Even though it assumes that you know the data governance theory, it will still provide a high level review of many concepts.
You might be a novice or you already have some years of experience in data governance, but you're looking to learn the industry best practices and fill in knowledge gaps and implement a praised data governance program.
YES! You can opt-in to receive a certificate that you can then share on social media, add to your resume, or print and showcase to your colleagues.
Everyone has a different learning pace and the great thing about having this delivered online is that it adjusts to your schedule and learning style. The course has over 4 hours of content in video format and it is split into short and comprehensive lessons.
The course will be available for you without limitation. You can go back and go through it as many times as you like, whenever you like.
The course is applicable to ANY industry. Even though some examples will draw from and showcase certain industries, the takeaways are relevant to all industries.
YES! The course was built to work on all tablets and phones. Or you can take it on your laptop or desktop machine. Layouts, scrolling or displays may vary depending on the device you have. All you need is an internet connection.
That will be very unlikely, but if, within 30 days of purchase, you find that the course doesn't meet your expectations, we are pleased to offer a refund. However, we kindly request that you meet the following condition:
To be eligible for a refund, please ensure you have completed less than 25% of the course content. We believe this gives you a fair opportunity to experience the course and its value.
If you meet this condition and wish to request a refund, simply reach out to our support team within the 30-day period. We will then process your refund.
If you have any other questions about the course, you can always send out an email to support[at]lightsondata.com
Once you're enrolled in the course, you will have access to the teacher to ask questions. Plus, on almost every lesson you can post questions relevant to that topic, that the teacher and/or other students will be able to answer.
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course
$
499
US
Popular
3 COURSE MEGA BUNDLE
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course +
Business Glossary Course +
Data Governance Maturity Models Course
$797
US
Regular Price: $997
2 COURSE BUNDLE
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course +
Business Glossary Course
OR
Practical Data Governance: Implementation Course +
Data Governance Maturity Models Course
$
697
US
Regular Price: $748
or
part of bundle
PRACTICAL DATA GOVERNANCE: IMPLEMENTATION
Available now at a great price
$499
US
I created this course with you as a customer in mind
As we live in a fast-paced world, the requirements from us, the data professionals, are growing. Treating data as an asset is essential and we are the agents to a future where everyone should understand this. Unfortunately, we often don’t have the leverage we need to cope with these challenges and a lot of what we do is considered as new territory. I know how you feel!
I dedicate my work in general, and this course, in particular, to save you time, to make you knowledgeable, to feel in-charge and feel confident in your deliverables. Throughout this course you will learn step-by-step how to implement a successful data governance program, or significantly improve your existing one. You will be ready to use the newly acquired knowledge in all your data governance endeavors.
Thanks for doing what you do! I’ll see you on the other side.